![]() Within 250 km (160 mi) of the 7 October earthquakes epicenters, there have been seven magnitude 6.0 or greater earthquakes with epicenters in Iran. ![]() The seismicity of Afghanistan is attributed to the complex and active tectonic interactions between the Arabian, Eurasian, and Indian plates. To the north of the Harirud Fault, the near parallel Band-e Turkestan Fault does show signs of recent activity, also in a right-lateral sense. The boundary between these two crustal areas is the major right-lateral strike-slip Harirud (or Herat) Fault, which is far less seismically active than the Chaman Fault that runs through the east of the country. To the south there is a collage of continental fragments and magmatic arcs that have been progressively accreted, particularly in the Mesozoic era. The North Afghan Platform has remained relatively tectonically stable since the Variscan Orogeny during the Late Palaeozoic, when it became part of Eurasia. The western part of the country is subdivided into the North Afghan Platform to the north and a series of accreted terranes to the south. Tectonic setting Tectonic plate boundary map of the South Asian regionĪfghanistan is situated within the broad and complex zone of collision between the Arabian Plate, the Indian Plate, and the Eurasian Plate. Additional thousands were made homeless as the country enters the winter. Hospitals were overwhelmed by the number of injured and lack of proper equipment. Many international organizations and countries participated in rescue and relief efforts. Some aid agencies including UNICEF and the Red Cross appealed for donations in response to the earthquakes. The earthquakes struck Afghanistan during an ongoing humanitarian crisis following the Taliban takeover in 2021, and existing aid groups were experiencing a lack of funds prior to the disaster. The 11, 15 and 28 October earthquakes caused a combined seven deaths and 344 injuries. The World Health Organization estimated 1,482 fatalities, 2,100 injuries, 43,400 people affected and 114,000 people requiring humanitarian aid. Thrust faulting was associated with these earthquakes. On 11 and 15 October, two other magnitude 6.3 earthquakes struck the same area. The first two earthquakes occurred on 7 October at 11:11 AFT and 11:42 AFT near the city of Herat, followed by many aftershocks. 1,482 dead, 2,100–2,400 injured (October 7 events)įour large earthquakes measuring M ww 6.3 each and their aftershocks affected Herat Province in western Afghanistan in early October 2023.
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